采金船是一種建造在工程平底船上并漂浮于水面的采選聯(lián)合機組，它一般包括挖掘、洗礦、尾礦排棄以及供水、供電、橫移等系統(tǒng)。

Gold dredger, as an integral unit for mining and concentration that is constructed in engineering flat boat and floats on water, is usually composed of excavation, ore washing, tailing disposal, water supply, power supply and lateral movement systems etc.

CGH、CGJ系列采金船技術(shù)先進、結(jié)構(gòu)合理、運轉(zhuǎn)可靠、維修方便。經(jīng)過多年生產(chǎn)實踐證明，這種采金船生產(chǎn)砂金具有機械化程度高、生產(chǎn)能力大、投資少、見效快等特點，是砂金生產(chǎn)的一種先進的采選聯(lián)合設(shè)備。

CGH and CGJ series gold dredger features advanced technology, rational structure, reliable operation and convenient maintenance. . Production practice over the years has proved that this series of gold dredgers present high degree of mechanization, production capacity, low cost and high effectiveness etc. and shall be deemed to be an advanced mining and concentration combination plant for placer gold production.

CGH型鏈斗式采金船 hain bucket gold ship

CGH系列采金船為鏈斗式采金船，船上的設(shè)備由11個部分和系統(tǒng)組成：

CGH series gold dredger, as a chain-bucket type gold dredger, is composed of eleven sections and systems:

1、挖掘系統(tǒng)：由挖斗鏈、主驅(qū)動、斗架等組成，主要用于完成表土和礦砂的采挖作業(yè)。

1. Excavation system: composed of excavator bucket chain, main drive and bucket ladder etc, mainly used for excavation of top soil and ore in sand form.

2、選礦設(shè)備：由圓筒篩、選金組合溜槽、粗選設(shè)備和精選設(shè)備組成，用于完成礦砂的洗礦、碎散、篩分、粗選和精選作業(yè)。

2. Dressing equipment: composed of cylindrical sieve, combination chute, rough separation equipment and concentration equipment, mainly used for ore washing, crumbling, screening, rough separation and concentration..

3、尾礦排棄系統(tǒng)：由膠帶運輸機、砂泵等組成，用于輸送排棄礫石和尾礦。

3. Tailing disposal system: composed of conveyor belt and sand pump etc., mainly used for conveyance of gravels and tailings.

4、供水及中礦輸送系統(tǒng)：由水泵、砂泵、水管、砂泵管管系等組成，用于供水和中礦礦漿輸送。

4. Water supply and middling conveyance system: composed of water pump, sand pump, water pipe and sand pump pipes etc., mainly used for water supply and middling pulp conveyance.

5、絞車系統(tǒng)：由斗架提升絞車、首繩絞車、提錨絞車、橫移絞車和登岸橋絞車等組成，用于進船、調(diào)船、系船、船的橫移及斗架、樁柱、登岸橋的升降等。

5. Winch system: composed of bucket ladder lifting winch, head rope winch, anchor lifting winch, travelling winch and landing bridge winch etc., mainly used for boarding, dredger adjustment, tying, lateral movement and the elevation and descending of bucket ladder, pile and landing bridge.

6、起重設(shè)備：由船首起重機、主驅(qū)動間起重機和其他起重設(shè)備所組成，用于完成各種起重工作。

6. Hoisting equipment: composed of bow hoist, the hoist for main drive room and other hoisting equipment, mainly used for lifting works.

7、船體及船體設(shè)施：由平底船和各種船體設(shè)施所組成，用于安裝采金船的各種設(shè)備和結(jié)構(gòu)，使采金船能平穩(wěn)地漂浮在水上作業(yè)。

7. Dredger body and related facilities: composed of flat boat and various dredger body facilities, mainly used for installation of various equipment and structures of gold dredger for smooth floating of gold dredger on water.

8、上部鋼結(jié)構(gòu)及房屋：由主桁架、前桅架、后桅架、操縱室、辦公室、廠房、樓梯走臺和登岸橋等組成，用于支承和布置各種設(shè)施和設(shè)備，保證采金船在作業(yè)時操作方便，安全可靠。

8. Steel superstructures and house: composed of primary truss, front mast, rear mast, operation room, office, workshop building, stair walkway and landing bridge etc., mainly used for supporting and arranging various installations and equipments to ensure the convenient operation of gold dredger and its safety and reliability.

9、樁柱裝置：由樁柱、緩沖裝置、滑輪等組成，用于采金船采挖時的船體定位和移步。

9. Pile device: composed of pile, cushioning device and pulley etc., used for dredger location and stepping during excavation.

10、壓氣系統(tǒng)：由空氣壓縮機、貯氣罐、氣壓元件及管路等組成，用于給斗架提升機、提錨機等設(shè)備氣閘剎車提供壓力能源。

10. Air compressing system: composed of air compressor, air storage tank, pneumatic elements and pipeline etc., mainly used to provide pressure source for air brake of bucket ladder elevator and anchor lifter etc.

11、供電與電氣控制系統(tǒng)：由供電、電力拖動、電氣控制及照明等部分組成，用于驅(qū)動控制采金船各種電氣設(shè)備及全船照明等。

11. Power supply and electric control system: composed of power supply, electric drive, electric control and lighting sections, mainly used to drive and control various electrical equipment and whole-dredger lighting etc.

CGJ型絞吸式采金船 Cutter Suction gold ship

絞吸式采金船是目前在疏灘工程中運用較廣泛的一種船舶，它是利用吸水管前端圍繞吸水管裝設(shè)旋轉(zhuǎn)絞刀裝置，將河底泥沙進行切割和攪動，再經(jīng)吸泥管將絞起的泥沙物料，借助強大的泵力，輸送到泥沙物料堆積場，它的挖泥、運泥、卸泥等工作過程，可以一次連續(xù)完成，它是一種效率高、成本較低的采金船，是良好的水下挖掘機械。

As a widely used ship used in dredge engineering at present, cutter-suction dredger cuts and stirs the bottom sediment using the rotating cutter device mounted around suction pipe at the front side, and then conveys the silt materials to silt dumping yard via silt suction pipe making use the powerful pump force. The dredging, conveyance and unloading works can be completed in a continuous way at one time. This dredger is a high-efficiency and cost-efficient underwater excavation machinery.

通過對江、河、海清淤工程的實踐，對絞吸式采金船的特性和存在不足有了一定程度的了解，以下將其應(yīng)用中的體會闡述如下，以供同行們商討。

From the sediment evacuation engineering practice for rivers and the sea, we have made a certain degree of understanding of properties and shortages of cutter-suction gold dredger. The experience from application is described as follows, for your reference.

1 絞吸式采金船具有良好的參數(shù)

1. Cutter-suction gold dredger has outstanding parameters.

（1）絞吸式采金船用途廣泛，可以在江河湖海中作業(yè)，用以清淤，航道挖掘，吹填造地。在特殊情況下絞吸式采金船上安裝大功率絞刀設(shè)備，不需爆破即可挖掘玄武巖和石灰石等巖石地層。

(1) Cutter-suction gold dredger is widely used for operation in rivers, lakes and the sea, channel excavation and land formation. . In particular cases, the cutter-suction gold dredger provided with large power cutter equipment can excavate at basalt and lime rock strata without blasting operation.

（2）絞吸式采金船工作效率高，產(chǎn)量大，泵距遠(yuǎn)。大型的絞吸式采金船每小時流量可達幾千立方米；把泥沙或碎巖物料依靠強大動力通過泥泵和排泥管線，泵送出千米之外。

(2) Cutter-suction gold dredger features high operational efficiency, large output and long pump distance. . The flow per hour of large-scale cutter-suction gold dredger may reach thousands of cubic meters. Relying on the strong power, silt or crushed stones can be conveyed to a place kilometers away through dredge pump and dredging pipeline.

（3）絞吸式采金船操作簡單，易于控制。采金船依靠船艉的臺車使鋼樁定位和步進，利用絞刀臂架兩測鋼纜與固定于挖槽兩測的錨，靠鉸車牽引，兩廂擺動絞切泥沙物料，在一定的控制擺角下工作，將絞動的物料，經(jīng)過輸泥管泵到堆積場。采金船的步進是由兩根樁交替運動，邁步向前。

(3) Cutter-suction gold dredger features simple operation and is easy to control. . With the trolley at the rear part of gold dredger, the steel pile is positioned and moved. The wing rooms swing and cut the silt material using the wire rope at both sides of cutter arm support and the anchor fixed to both sides of excavation channel through the winch. Through the operation at a certain control angle, the materials are conveyed to dumping site through dredging pipe. . The stepping of gold dredger is realized through alternating movement of the two piles.

（4）大型絞吸式采金船帶有自航系統(tǒng)．遷移時可以自航到位。中小型采金船多為無自航系統(tǒng)，靠拖船拖行。中小型采金船可設(shè)計建造成組裝式，通過陸路運輸?shù)浆F(xiàn)場，經(jīng)組裝后即可使用。

(4) Large-scale cutter-suction gold dredger is provided with self-propulsion system. . The dredger can move to its position using self propulsion during the movement. . Most medium and small-sized gold dredgers are not equipped with self-propulsion system and thus move under the force of tug boat. However, they can be designed and built in an assembled type. In this way, they can be assembled and put into operation after being transported to the site through land transportation.

（5）絞吸式采金船經(jīng)濟性好。物料的挖掘和輸送一次性完成，不需要其它舶船配合，幾次搬運。相對工程成本較低。

(5) Cutter-suction gold dredger is economic. . The excavation and conveyance of material is completed with a single pass and needs no cooperation from other dredgers. . Relatively, the engineering cost is low.

CGH型鏈斗式采金船技術(shù)參數(shù) Parameter of Chain bucket gold ship

CGJ型絞吸式采金船技術(shù)參數(shù) Parameter of cutter suction gold ship

型號規(guī)格Model		CGJ30	CGJ60	CGJ100	CGJ300
總長 overall lenght	m	9	13	17	19
船體 Hull	m	7	11	15.5	17
型深 Depth	m	0.6	0.8	1.1	1.8
型寬 Breadth	m	2	4.3	5	5.5
主動力 Active force	kw	90	175	250	450
副機 Slave	kw	35	50	75	30
沙礫泵口徑 Pump diameter	mm	100	200	200	300
管道直徑 dia.	mm	120	273	273	400
****排距 Maximum row spacing	m	100	200	500	500
工作時重量 Weight	t	23	38	60	130
操作系統(tǒng) Operating system	液壓電控操作
備件 Spare parts	柴油機工具、油封、電焊機等